The eSIM is a digital version of SIM cards and is already installed on the motherboard of electronic devices Estimated to be 80-90% smaller than a Nano-SIM Cardin case of theft or loss of the device, you have to do as with physical SIM cards, call the company to block the eSIM

The design of mobile phones and their technology continue to advance and present original and innovative models. In this sense, smartphone manufacturers seek to take advantage of all possible spaces to be able to incorporate new functionalities to these devices that are practical and comfortable for users.

This is something that has also affected the cards that operators give their customers to identify the phones and store the user's service key. Progressively, the size of the well-known SIM card was reduced to the Mini-SIM, the Micro-SIM was also developed and the (practically) minimal expression was reached with the Nano-SIM card.

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It is essentially a chip soldered to the motherboard of a device and is characterized by being a kind of virtual version of the SIM , being able to change the operator more easily without having to wait for a SIM to arrive to insert it into the terminal. Next, we break down the operation of this new evolution of mobile operator identification cards:

ESIM: what it is and how to use it


The eSIM card works like a digital version of SIM cards. The new generations of mobiles already incorporate this functionality, for which it is essential that smartphones have a microchip welded to the motherboard , which allows the phone, tablet or smartwatch to operate with the rate that we have contracted with a company without introducing any card in no slot.

The size of this microchip is estimated to be 80-90% smaller than a Nano-SIM card. One of the advantages it provides is that it simplifies the operator change process, since it is not necessary to request a physical SIM for the new data plan to work on the phone.

Another point in favor is that the eSIM enables the option of having multiple subscriptions with other companies and linked to another telephone number without having to use another terminal for this other service. Of course, you can only have one activated at a time , two cannot work at the same time.

To activate the eSIM, you must first check that the device you have is compatible with this electronic version of the SIM. If so, you must contact the company with which we have contracted the mobile network service. This procedure can be done through the free phone for customers that these operators have, through their mobile applications, or by going to one of their stores. In this case, you must request the removal of the physical SIM card and replace it with the eSIM. After this step, the company usually sends an email with an activation QR code and also provides the line's PIN and PUK.

In the section referring to mobile data in the settings of each device, there is often an option that says, “ Add mobile data plan ”. Once we have that email, we must select this option and scan the code received in the email. Subsequently, the steps and instructions that appear on the device are followed.

As for its use on another phone, if you change your mobile, it should be noted that it is necessary to have another eSIM . The eSIM of the previous terminal will not work for you, since it is soldered in that phone. To do so, you have to contact the company again. In principle, the data is not lost, since it is stored in the cloud.

If your mobile is stolen or lost, you have to proceed as with those devices that have a physical SIM: you have to call the company to block this virtual card.

The mobiles that can work with eSIM are the iPhones that have been released since 2018 (the XR, the XS, the XS Max, the 11, the 11 Pro, the SE, the 12 Mini, the 12, the 12 Pro and the 12 Pro). Max), also some from Samsung (the Galaxy S20, the S20+, the S20 Ultra, the Galaxy Note 20, the Galaxy Note 20 Ultra 5G, the Galaxy Fold, the Galaxy Z Fold 2 5G and the Galaxy Z Flip), some of Google (starting with the Google Pixel 2), two from Huawei (the P40 and the P40+) and the Motorola Razr.

As for tablets, it works with the 2019 model of the iPad Air and iPad Mini, as well as the 2020 models of the iPad Pro. It is also compatible with Apple smartwatches, although only from Apple Watch Series 3. Other watches that work with eSIM are the Samsung Watch and the Huawei Watch 2. Finally, the companies that offer the eSIM service in Spain are Movistar, Vodafone, Orange, Logo, Telephone, Truphone and O2.

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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

SCIENCE

Valencian's scientists point out how herd immunity is: “90% have antibodies against omicron”


Irene Fernandez

Madrid



Valencian's scientists point out how herd immunity is in Spain: “Omicron has changed the landscape”

The level of immunity against this coronavirus is very high in the population. GETTY

The vast majority of the analyzed population has neutralizing antibodies against omicron BA.1 and BA.2 and cellular immunity.

The panorama "changed from delta, although the explosion of cases has occurred with omicron and has generated a lot of hybrid immunity”

Their data, obtained in the Valencian Community but extrapolated to Spain, indicate levels of population protection, not individual

We told you about it just a month ago. A seroprevalence study against SARS-CoV-2, carried out in the Valencian Community, indicated that the level of immunity against this coronavirus is already very high in the population. Nearly 100% of the samples they tested had antibodies and 75% cellular immunity. But today, we go a little further. It remained to be known against which variant these antibodies responded. We already know. “More than 90% of the people analyzed (whether they have had the infection, but all have been vaccinated) have antibodies against omicron.”

David Navarro, head of Microbiology at the Clinical Hospital of Valencia and coordinator of the study together with the epidemiologist Salvador Peiró, tells us. What does this mean? “It necessarily indicates that a large part of the people have been infected by omicron .” The vast majority of those analyzed passed the COVID-19 in the last wave. Hence, they have antibodies against common BA.1 or BA.2.

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The explosion of omicron cases changes the landscape

In this study, Peiró and Navarro analyzed almost a thousand blood samples, collected before Easter in a hundred health centers, distributed throughout the Valencian Community. From there came the initial results of the study, on antibody and cellular immunity in the population. Representative data and “extrapolated to the average of the general population in Spain”, hence its importance.

Now, to see how many of these antibodies are neutralizing against omicron, the sample analyzed was smaller: about a hundred people, out of this initial thousand. But just as representative of the population group, so the results continue to be extrapolated. Peiró assured then that “the immunological situation is very good”. Today, we confirm it with Navarro. “Before, we had a very low prevalence, but the landscape has changed. “ With “before” he refers to the end of 2020, when we learned about the fourth round of the seroprevalence study carried out by the Carlos III Health Institute, which indicated that 9.9% of the population had antibodies against the virus. The current immunity landscape is unparalleled. Omicron has changed the game. But not only.

“I think it changed from delta, although the explosion has occurred with omicron. An explosion of cases that has generated a lot of hybrid immunity.”

Antibodies against BA.2, the dominant variant


When we break down the data on antibodies that they have seen now, Navarro explains that they have measured them against the Wuhan variant, against BA.1 and against BA.2. The latter is currently the dominant variant in Spain.

Neutralizing antibodies against Wuhan variant:

In people with vaccine and infection: 100%

In uninfected vaccinated: 93%

Antibodies against omicron BA.1:

In vaccinated and infected: 94%

In uninfected vaccinated: 75%

Antibodies against omicron BA.2:

In vaccinated and infected: 97%

In uninfected vaccinated: 84%

“This means that many people have been infected with BA.1 and BA.2. Not necessarily for one or the other variant, but with omicron, of course, ” explains Navarro. And if it has been so, at this time when everything is still omicron, despite the proliferation of lineages and sublineages , this indicates that we would be well protected. Not against contagion, we already know, but against the risk of suffering a serious COVID-19.

Wuhan cell-mediated immunity protects against omicron

And we are well protected not only by this antibody immunity, but also by cellular immunity. The number of antibodies will decrease over time. “We'll see how long it lasts…” The cell phone does not, and besides, it is more versatile. “Cellular immunity does not distinguish between BA.1 and BA.2, it is crossed”, warns the microbiologist.

Navarro explains that the techniques they have used measure the cellular immunity generated against the Wuhan variant, “but much of it is cross-linked, that is, these T lymphocytes have activity against the different variants, they have more cross-recognition than antibodies.” The antibodies generated by omicron, on the other hand, “have a more remarkable activity against omicron than against other variants”.

In the study by Peiró and Navarro, they found that 75% of the individuals analyzed had cellular immunity. Although they believe there may be many more, Peiró already pointed it out in his day: “To detect these defense cells in blood samples, you have to catch them circulating. You may not detect them, but they are there.” Today, Navarro explains why. “ We measure immunity in peripheral blood, and that does not indicate the number of T lymphocytes in tissues. The measurement of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood is a mere approximation to the level of T cells that we have against the virus”.

Navarro explains that cellular immunity cannot be measured in tissues, that is why they look at it in blood. “We look at T lymphocytes in the blood and understand it as a “protective surrogate”. In other words, what we see makes us think that there are also lymphocytes in the tissues that defend us against the virus, and in fact they are the ones that effectively protect you. Cellular immunity is critical for the control of this virus in tissues,” she assures.

Population protection, not individual


The new results of this study invite optimism. Although, Navarro insists a lot on an important nuance. When we talk about being well protected or the risk of getting seriously ill, depending on the level of antibodies or cellular immunity, what we are talking about is “population risks, not individual risks. Individual protection cannot be inferred with absolute certainty from all this.”

Because the study data is population-based, but in each infection and in each person, there are many variables that influence whether a COVID-19 ends up being serious. Absolute protection does not exist, at the individual level, just as zero risk does not exist either.

“The probability of having severe COVID-19 if you have antibodies and cellular immunity is lower than if you don't, but it is not zero. It is much less likely that anything serious will happen to you, but you cannot say that you are totally protected”, insists Navarro.

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SPAIN

BUSKED

Atlantis launches the Urdaneta, the first Basque satellite, into space, which will monitor the crops

Idea Rivas

Idea Rivas

Bilbao

05/25/20227:55 p.m.

The first Basque satellite will take off on May 25 from Cape Canaveral in a Falcon 9

The Urdaneta satellite. ATLANTIS

The Basque satellite goes into space on a Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida

Urdaneta weighs only 16 kilos and measures 20 centimeters wide and 40 high

Its mission is to capture high-resolution images to plan agricultural and environmental activities

Urdaneta-Armsat1, this is the name of the first Basque satellite to travel into space. It owes its name to a 16th-century navigator, military man and religious, Andrés de Urdaneta from Gipuzkoa, who discovered the route between the Philippines and Acapulco. Now, his namesake will also explore the earth from space.

The satellite, launched from the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida via a Falcon 9 rocket, has been manufactured by the space company Atlantis and has been developed at the Science Park of the University of the Basque Country.

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The Vedanta, which weighs 16 kilos and measures 20 centimeters wide and 40 high, will orbit 500 kilometers away from Earth, which it will circle every 95 minutes.

Its mission is to capture images that will be used to plan agricultural and environmental activities, thanks to the fact that it incorporates a binocular telescope and the latest generation   iSIM -90 cameras . The satellite will be able to detect with high resolution, for example, if greenhouse gases are produced, monitor oil tanks or if plagues occur, as well as follows the evolution of crops, among other activities.

Although it is its first satellite, this is not Atlantis's first space mission. The company already has two other cameras in the space. The last one was put into orbit in December 2021. They are now working on the   GEI-Sat, a satellite that will be able to detect methane and is scheduled to take off in June 2023.